Solaris System Faults or Hardware Configuration Prevents Power on
Information technology is always a proficient do to know the hardware components of your Linux system is running on, this helps you to deal with compatibility bug when it comes to installing packages, drivers on your organisation using yum, dnf, or apt.
Therefore in these tips and tricks series, nosotros shall expect at some useful commands that tin can assist you to extract data near your Linux arrangement and hardware components.
ane. How to View Linux System Data
To know but the arrangement name, you can use the uname command without any switch that will print system information or the uname -southward command will impress the kernel proper noun of your system.
[email protected] ~ $ uname Linux
To view your network hostname, utilize the '-n' switch with the uname control as shown.
[email protected] ~ $ uname -n tecmint.com
To get information nearly kernel-version, use the '-v' switch.
[email protected] ~ $ uname -v #64-Ubuntu SMP Monday Sep 22 21:28:38 UTC 2014
To become the data nearly your kernel release, apply the '-r' switch.
[email protected] ~ $ uname -r 3.13.0-37-generic
To impress your machine hardware name, use the '-m' switch:
[email protected] ~ $ uname -m x86_64
All this information tin can be printed at in one case past running the 'uname -a' command as shown below.
[email protected] ~ $ uname -a Linux tecmint.com 3.13.0-37-generic #64-Ubuntu SMP Mon Sep 22 21:28:38 UTC 2014 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
2. How to View Linux System Hardware Information
Here you can employ the lshw tool to gather vast data nigh your hardware components such equally cpu, disks, retentiveness, usb controllers, etc.
lshw is a relatively small tool and in that location are few options that you can use with it while extracting information. The information provided by lshw was gathered from different /proc files.
Note: Practise remember that the lshw command is executed by the superuser (root) or sudo user.
Read As well: Difference Between su and sudo User in Linux
To print information nearly your Linux system hardware, run this command.
[email protected] ~ $ sudo lshw tecmint.com description: Notebook product: 20354 (LENOVO_MT_20354_BU_idea_FM_Lenovo Z50-70) vendor: LENOVO version: Lenovo Z50-70 serial: 1037407803441 width: 64 $.25 capabilities: smbios-2.7 dmi-2.7 vsyscall32 configuration: administrator_password=disabled kicking=normal chassis=notebook family=IDEAPAD frontpanel_password=disabled keyboard_password=disabled power-on_password=disabled sku=LENOVO_MT_20354_BU_idea_FM_Lenovo Z50-70 uuid=E4B1D229-D237-E411-9F6E-28D244EBBD98 *-core description: Motherboard production: Lancer 5A5 vendor: LENOVO physical id: 0 version: 31900059WIN serial: YB06377069 slot: Type2 - Board Chassis Location *-firmware description: BIOS vendor: LENOVO physical id: 0 version: 9BCN26WW date: 07/31/2014 size: 128KiB capacity: 4032KiB capabilities: pci upgrade shadowing cdboot bootselect edd int13floppytoshiba int13floppy360 int13floppy1200 int13floppy720 int13floppy2880 int9keyboard int10video acpi usb biosbootspecification uefi ......
You tin can print a summary of your hardware information past using the -brusque option.
[electronic mail protected] ~ $ sudo lshw -short H/W path Device Form Description ===================================================== system 20354 (LENOVO_MT_20354_ BU_idea_FM_Lenovo Z50-lxx) /0 bus Lancer 5A5 /0/0 memory 128KiB BIOS /0/4 processor Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-4210U CPU @ 1.70GHz /0/4/b memory 32KiB L1 cache /0/4/c retentivity 256KiB L2 cache /0/4/d memory 3MiB L3 enshroud /0/a retention 32KiB L1 cache /0/12 memory 8GiB System Memory /0/12/0 memory DIMM [empty] /0/12/one retention DIMM [empty] /0/12/2 memory 8GiB SODIMM DDR3 Synchronous 1600 MHz (0.six ns) /0/12/iii memory DIMM [empty] /0/100 span Haswell-ULT DRAM Controller /0/100/ii display Haswell-ULT Integrated Graphics Controller /0/100/3 multimedia Haswell-ULT HD Sound Controller ...
If you lot wish to generate output as an html file, y'all can utilise the option -html.
[e-mail protected] ~ $ sudo lshw -html > lshw.html
3. How to View Linux CPU Information
To view information about your CPU, use the lscpu command as it shows information almost your CPU architecture such as a number of CPUs, cores, CPU family model, CPU caches, threads, etc from sysfs and /proc/cpuinfo.
[e-mail protected] ~ $ lscpu Architecture: x86_64 CPU op-fashion(s): 32-bit, 64-flake Byte Lodge: Petty Endian CPU(s): iv On-line CPU(south) list: 0-iii Thread(s) per core: 2 Cadre(s) per socket: two Socket(due south): ane NUMA node(due south): 1 Vendor ID: GenuineIntel CPU family: 6 Model: 69 Stepping: 1 CPU MHz: 768.000 BogoMIPS: 4788.72 Virtualization: VT-10 L1d enshroud: 32K L1i enshroud: 32K L2 cache: 256K L3 cache: 3072K NUMA node0 CPU(s): 0-3
4. How to Collect Linux Block Device Information
Block devices are storage devices such as hard disks, flash drives, etc. lsblk control is used to study information about block devices as follows.
[e-mail protected] ~ $ lsblk NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT sda 8:0 0 931.5G 0 disk ├─sda1 eight:1 0 1000M 0 part ├─sda2 8:2 0 260M 0 part /boot/efi ├─sda3 8:iii 0 1000M 0 role ├─sda4 8:four 0 128M 0 part ├─sda5 eight:5 0 557.1G 0 role ├─sda6 8:6 0 25G 0 part ├─sda7 8:seven 0 14.7G 0 function ├─sda8 8:eight 0 1M 0 part ├─sda9 8:9 0 324.5G 0 office / └─sda10 8:10 0 7.9G 0 function [Swap] sr0 eleven:0 1 1024M 0 rom
If yous want to view all cake devices on your system then include the -a choice.
[e-mail protected] ~ $ lsblk -a Proper name MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT sda eight:0 0 931.5G 0 disk ├─sda1 eight:ane 0 1000M 0 part ├─sda2 8:ii 0 260M 0 part /boot/efi ├─sda3 viii:3 0 1000M 0 part ├─sda4 eight:iv 0 128M 0 part ├─sda5 eight:5 0 557.1G 0 part ├─sda6 viii:6 0 25G 0 part ├─sda7 8:seven 0 fourteen.7G 0 function ├─sda8 8:8 0 1M 0 part ├─sda9 8:9 0 324.5G 0 function / └─sda10 8:10 0 7.9G 0 part [Swap] sdb eight:16 one 0 disk sr0 11:0 i 1024M 0 rom ram0 i:0 0 64M 0 disk ram1 1:1 0 64M 0 deejay ram2 1:2 0 64M 0 disk ram3 1:3 0 64M 0 disk ram4 1:4 0 64M 0 deejay ram5 1:v 0 64M 0 deejay ram6 1:6 0 64M 0 disk ram7 ane:7 0 64M 0 deejay ram8 1:viii 0 64M 0 disk ram9 1:9 0 64M 0 disk loop0 7:0 0 0 loop loop1 seven:1 0 0 loop loop2 seven:2 0 0 loop loop3 seven:3 0 0 loop loop4 7:4 0 0 loop loop5 7:five 0 0 loop loop6 7:half dozen 0 0 loop loop7 7:seven 0 0 loop ram10 i:10 0 64M 0 disk ram11 1:11 0 64M 0 disk ram12 1:12 0 64M 0 deejay ram13 i:13 0 64M 0 disk ram14 one:fourteen 0 64M 0 disk ram15 1:15 0 64M 0 disk
5. How to Print USB Controllers Information
The lsusb command is used to report data most USB controllers and all the devices that are connected to them.
[electronic mail protected] ~ $ lsusb Bus 001 Device 002: ID 8087:8000 Intel Corp. Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Autobus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub Bus 002 Device 005: ID 0bda:b728 Realtek Semiconductor Corp. Bus 002 Device 004: ID 5986:0249 Acer, Inc Double-decker 002 Device 003: ID 0bda:0129 Realtek Semiconductor Corp. RTS5129 Card Reader Controller Coach 002 Device 002: ID 045e:00cb Microsoft Corp. Basic Optical Mouse v2.0 Charabanc 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
You tin can use the -five choice to generate detailed information about each USB device.
[e-mail protected] ~ $ lsusb -v
six. How to Impress PCI Devices Data
PCI devices may include usb ports, graphics cards, network adapters, etc. The lspci tool is used to generate information concerning all PCI controllers on your organization plus the devices that are connected to them.
To print data about PCI devices run the following command.
[email protected] ~ $ lspci 00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Haswell-ULT DRAM Controller (rev 0b) 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Haswell-ULT Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 0b) 00:03.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation Haswell-ULT Hard disk Sound Controller (rev 0b) 00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Lynx Point-LP USB xHCI HC (rev 04) 00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation Lynx Point-LP HECI #0 (rev 04) 00:1b.0 Sound device: Intel Corporation Lynx Indicate-LP Hd Audio Controller (rev 04) 00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Lynx Point-LP PCI Express Root Port 3 (rev e4) 00:1c.3 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Lynx Point-LP PCI Express Root Port 4 (rev e4) 00:1c.4 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Lynx Betoken-LP PCI Express Root Port 5 (rev e4) 00:1d.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Lynx Point-LP USB EHCI #1 (rev 04) 00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation Lynx Signal-LP LPC Controller (rev 04) 00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation Lynx Betoken-LP SATA Controller one [AHCI mode] (rev 04) 00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation Lynx Point-LP SMBus Controller (rev 04) 01:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller (rev ten) 02:00.0 Network controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8723BE PCIe Wireless Network Adapter 03:00.0 3D controller: NVIDIA Corporation GM108M [GeForce 840M] (rev a2)
Utilize the -t option to produce output in a tree format.
[electronic mail protected] ~ $ lspci -t -[0000:00]-+-00.0 +-02.0 +-03.0 +-14.0 +-16.0 +-1b.0 +-1c.0-[01]----00.0 +-1c.3-[02]----00.0 +-1c.4-[03]----00.0 +-1d.0 +-1f.0 +-1f.2 \-1f.3
Apply the -v option to produce detailed information near each connected device.
[email protected] ~ $ lspci -v 00:00.0 Host span: Intel Corporation Haswell-ULT DRAM Controller (rev 0b) Subsystem: Lenovo Device 3978 Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0 Capabilities: 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Haswell-ULT Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 0b) (prog-if 00 [VGA controller]) Subsystem: Lenovo Device 380d Flags: coach chief, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 62 Retention at c3000000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4M] Memory at d0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=256M] I/O ports at 6000 [size=64] Expansion ROM at [disabled] Capabilities: Kernel driver in apply: i915 .....
vii. How to Print SCSI Devices Information
To view all your scsi/sata devices, utilize the lsscsi command equally follows. If you practise non take the lsscsi tool installed, run the post-obit command to install it.
$ sudo apt-become install lsscsi [on Debian derivatives] # yum install lsscsi [On RedHat based systems] # dnf install lsscsi [On Fedora 21+ Onwards]
After installation, run the lsscsi control as shown:
[email protected] ~ $ lsscsi [0:0:0:0] disk ATA ST1000LM024 HN-M 2BA3 /dev/sda [1:0:0:0] cd/dvd PLDS DVD-RW DA8A5SH RL61 /dev/sr0 [4:0:0:0] disk Generic- xD/SD/One thousand.S. 1.00 /dev/sdb
Use the -s pick to bear witness device sizes.
[email protected] ~ $ lsscsi -s [0:0:0:0] disk ATA ST1000LM024 HN-M 2BA3 /dev/sda i.00TB [i:0:0:0] cd/dvd PLDS DVD-RW DA8A5SH RL61 /dev/sr0 - [iv:0:0:0] deejay Generic- xD/SD/M.S. 1.00 /dev/sdb -
8. How to Print Data about SATA Devices
Y'all tin find some information about sata devices on your system as follows using the hdparm utility. In the example below, I used the block device /dev/sda1 which is the hard disk on my organization.
[electronic mail protected] ~ $ sudo hdparm /dev/sda1 /dev/sda1: multcount = 0 (off) IO_support = ane (32-bit) readonly = 0 (off) readahead = 256 (on) geometry = 56065/255/63, sectors = 2048000, start = 2048
To impress information about device geometry in terms of cylinders, heads, sectors, size, and the starting offset of the device, use the -g selection.
[electronic mail protected] ~ $ sudo hdparm -chiliad /dev/sda1 /dev/sda1: geometry = 56065/255/63, sectors = 2048000, beginning = 2048
9. How to Check Linux File System Information
To assemble information nearly file system partitions, yous can use the fdisk command. Although the main functionality of the fdisk command is to alter file arrangement partitions, it can also be used to view information about the different partitions on your file system.
Y'all can print partition information every bit follows. Remember to run the command every bit a superuser or else you may not meet any output.
[email protected] ~ $ sudo fdisk -l Warning: GPT (GUID Segmentation Tabular array) detected on '/dev/sda'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sda: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders, total 1953525168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/concrete): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk identifier: 0xcee8ad92 Device Boot Commencement End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 1953525167 976762583+ ee GPT Sectionalization 1 does non get-go on physical sector boundary.
10. How to Check Linux Hardware Components Info
You can likewise utilize the dmidecode utility to extract hardware information by reading data from the DMI tables.
To print data about memory, run this command every bit a superuser.
[e-mail protected] ~ $ sudo dmidecode -t memory # dmidecode 2.12 # SMBIOS entry point at 0xaaebef98 SMBIOS ii.7 present. Handle 0x0005, DMI blazon five, 24 bytes Memory Controller Information Fault Detecting Method: None Error Correcting Capabilities: None Supported Interleave: One-way Interleave Current Interleave: One-style Interleave Maximum Retention Module Size: 8192 MB Maximum Total Retentivity Size: 32768 MB Supported Speeds: Other Supported Memory Types: Other Memory Module Voltage: Unknown Associated Memory Slots: 4 0x0006 0x0007 0x0008 0x0009 Enabled Error Correcting Capabilities: None ...
To impress information about the arrangement, run this command.
[electronic mail protected] ~ $ sudo dmidecode -t organization # dmidecode two.12 # SMBIOS entry point at 0xaaebef98 SMBIOS ii.7 present. Handle 0x0001, DMI type 1, 27 bytes Arrangement Data Manufacturer: LENOVO Product Name: 20354 Version: Lenovo Z50-seventy Serial Number: 1037407803441 UUID: 29D2B1E4-37D2-11E4-9F6E-28D244EBBD98 Wake-up Type: Ability Switch SKU Number: LENOVO_MT_20354_BU_idea_FM_Lenovo Z50-70 Family: IDEAPAD ...
To print data about BIOS, run this control.
[email protected] ~ $ sudo dmidecode -t bios # dmidecode 2.12 # SMBIOS entry betoken at 0xaaebef98 SMBIOS 2.7 present. Handle 0x0000, DMI type 0, 24 bytes BIOS Data Vendor: LENOVO Version: 9BCN26WW Release Engagement: 07/31/2014 Address: 0xE0000 Runtime Size: 128 kB ROM Size: 4096 kB Characteristics: PCI is supported BIOS is upgradeable BIOS shadowing is allowed Boot from CD is supported Selectable boot is supported EDD is supported Japanese floppy for NEC 9800 one.2 MB is supported (int 13h) Japanese floppy for Toshiba i.ii MB is supported (int 13h) five.25"/360 kB floppy services are supported (int 13h) five.25"/1.ii MB floppy services are supported (int 13h) 3.5"/720 kB floppy services are supported (int 13h) 3.v"/ii.88 MB floppy services are supported (int 13h) 8042 keyboard services are supported (int 9h) CGA/mono video services are supported (int 10h) ACPI is supported USB legacy is supported BIOS kick specification is supported Targeted content distribution is supported UEFI is supported BIOS Revision: 0.26 Firmware Revision: 0.26 ...
To impress information about the processor, run this command.
[email protected] ~ $ sudo dmidecode -t processor # dmidecode 2.12 # SMBIOS entry indicate at 0xaaebef98 SMBIOS 2.seven present. Handle 0x0004, DMI blazon 4, 42 bytes Processor Information Socket Designation: U3E1 Type: Fundamental Processor Family: Core i5 Manufacturer: Intel(R) Corporation ID: 51 06 04 00 FF FB EB BF Signature: Type 0, Family 6, Model 69, Stepping one Flags: ...
Summary
There are many other ways you lot can use to obtain information about your system hardware components. Most of these commands use files in the /proc directory to excerpt system information.
Hope you lot find these tips and tricks useful and call back to post a comment in case you want to add more data to this or if yous face whatever difficulties in using any of the commands. Remember to always stay connected to Tecmint.
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